This paper studies the impact on silicon dioxide asteroids with diameter of 1 km by coupled radiation sources, including neutron, γ and X-ray, in the scenario of stand-off nuclear blast.Referenced time and energy spectral of radiations in high-altitude nuclear explosion are assumed in our numerical simulation as an approximation to the condition where nuclear device is detonated in the space.The results show that neutron and γ are more efficient than X-ray in transferring energy to asteroid due to their longer mean free paths, resulting in a large amount of mass expelled.In contrast, X-ray can disrupt asteroid matter with far greater velocity, but with much lighter mass than neutron and γ since its energy is deposited only in a less deep region with shorter mean free path.Thus, it deflects asteroids less effectively than neutron and γ.
CHENG Li
,
XIA Yin
,
LI Lu-lu
,
LI Bai-wen
,
HU Xiao-mian
. Deflection Impact on Near Earth Asteroids by Coupled Interactions Due to Nuclear Explosives[J]. Journal of Space Science and Experiment, 2022
, 22(4)
: 18
-26
.
DOI: 10.19963/j.cnki.2096-4099.2022.04.003
[1] 吴伟仁, 龚自正, 唐玉华, 等.近地小行星撞击风险应对战略研究[J].中国工程科学, 2022, 24(2): 140-151.
[2] Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Discovery statistics[EB/OL].https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/stats/.,2022-10-17.
[3] 龚自正, 李明, 陈川, 等.小行星监测预警、安全防御和资源利用的前沿科学问题及关键技术[J].科学通报, 2020, 65(5): 346-372.
[4] 李飞, 孟林智, 王彤, 等.国外近地小行星撞击地球防御技术研究[J].航天器工程, 2015, 24(2): 87-95.
[5] 刘雪奇, 孙海彬, 孙胜利.近地小行星防御策略分析[J].深空探测学报, 2017, 4(6): 557-563.
[6] NASA.NASA Confirms DART Mission Impact Changed Asteroid's Motion in Space[EB/OL].https://dart.jhuapl.edu/News-and-Resources/.,2022-11-12.
[7] Ahrens T J, Harris A W.Deflection and fragmentation of near-Earthasteroids [J].Nature, 1992, 360: 429-433.
[8] Syal M B, Dearborn D S P, Schultz P H.Limits on the use of nuclear explosives for asteroid deflection [J].Acta Astronautica, 2013, 90: 103-111.
[9] Lomov I,Herbold E B, Antoun T H, et al.Influence of mechanical properties relevant to standoff deflection of Hazardous asteroids [J].Procedia Engineering, 2013, 58: 251-259.
[10] 李毅, 陈鸿, 兰胜威, 等.一种提升近地小行星防御中拦截效率的方法[J].航天器环境工程, 2017, 34(6): 585-592.
[11] 汤文辉, 张昆, 冉宪文.基于核爆炸的小行星偏转方案分析[J].空间碎片研究, 2021, 21(4): 45-48.
[12] Hammerling P, Remo J L.NEO interaction with nuclear radiation [J].Acta Astronautica, 1995, 36: 337-346.
[13] NASA.Near-Earth object survey and deflection analysis of alternatives [R].Report to Congress, 2007.
[14] Horan IV L S, Holland D E, Syal M B, et al.Impact of neutron energy on asteroid deflection performance [J].Acta Astronautica, 2021, 183: 29-42.
[15] 古培俊, 裴文兵, 冯庭桂,等.激光与平面靶耦合的非平衡辐射[J].中国科学: 物理学 力学 天文学, 2005, 35(1): 31-46.
[16] 王建国, 牛胜利, 张殿辉, 等.高空核爆炸效应参数手册[M].北京: 原子能出版社, 2010.
[17] Dearborn D S.21st century steam for asteroid mitigation [R].Lawrence LivermoreNational Laboratory,2004, UCRL-PROC-202922.
[18] Bedrossian P J.Neutrons and granite: transport and activation [R].LawrenceLivermore National Laboratory, 2004, UCRL-TR-203529.
