Journal of Space Science and Experiment >
Data-Driven Optimization Method of the Distributed Satellite Swarm Geometry for Efficient Communication
Online published: 2026-05-28
To meet the demand for seamless global coverage in 6G networks, direct-to-cell satellite communication has emerged as a pivotal direction for next-generation communication systems. Recognizing the inherent limitations of traditional single-satellite architectures in delivering high-performance satellite communication services, distributed satellite cluster architectures offer distinct advantages. Building upon this, this paper proposes a dedicated geometric configuration optimization method tailored for such architectures. We design a deep learning framework incorporating attention-embedded convolutional learning to optimize the satellite cluster geometry via a data-driven approach, thereby achieving beam focusing and gain enhancement. Results demonstrate that, compared with existing configuration design schemes, the cluster geometry optimized by our proposed method yields superior beam pattern performance. Specifically, under identical beamwidth requirements, our method achieves significantly lower sidelobe levels. Furthermore, we analyze the impact of the number of satellites within the cluster on system performance, assuming a fixed total number of antenna elements. The study reveals that a higher number of satellites (finer granularity) substantially improves system performance. These findings validate the significant application value of the proposed distributed satellite cluster design methodology for realizing high-performance satellite communications.
Xiangkang ZHAO , Junfeng WANG , Xiao TANG , Naijin LIU . Data-Driven Optimization Method of the Distributed Satellite Swarm Geometry for Efficient Communication[J]. Journal of Space Science and Experiment, 2026 , 3(2) : 76 -84 . DOI: 10.19963/j.cnki.2097-4302.2026.02.008
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