Journal of Space Science and Experiment >
Study on Observation Strategies for Rotation and Shape Inversion of Near-Earth Asteroids
Online published: 2025-11-04
The spin-axis orientation and shape parameters of near-Earth asteroids are critical reference information for studying their formation and evolutionary history, as well as for conducting in-situ space exploration. With the continuous advancements in time-domain astronomy and deep-space exploration technologies in China, an increasing number of universities and research institutions are actively constructing observational facilities which can support near-Earth asteroid observation and research. In this study, a sun-Earth-asteroid physical and dynamical model was established, considering near-Earth asteroids with different triaxial ellipsoid shapes. Simulated light curve data were utilized to investigate the parameter space necessary for inverting the spin-axis orientation and shape of asteroids. Periodograms were extracted from the light curves using the Lomb-Scargle and phase dispersion minimization methods, and a global fitting procedure for asteroid inversion parameters was developed. The results show that with a photometric accuracy of 0.001, 4~6 light curves covering 10° of solar phase angle are sufficient for inversion. For a photometric accuracy of 0.010, 8~10 light curves covering 20° of solar phase angle are required. At a lower photometric accuracy of 0.100, continuous observations covering multiple full rotation periods are recommended initially, followed by sparse observations to extend the solar phase angle for further confirmation of the inversion results. Additionally, for asteroids with nearly equal short axes, the required solar phase angle range can be moderately relaxed. This study provides a reference for the inversion of near-Earth asteroids using light curve data and offers methodological guidance with China’s existing and upcoming ground-based and space telescopes.
Key words: near-Earth asteroid; light curve; asteroid rotation; shape inversion
Ming YANG , Taoze YING , Huan XIE , Yifan WANG , Xiongfeng YAN , Xiaohua TONG . Study on Observation Strategies for Rotation and Shape Inversion of Near-Earth Asteroids[J]. Journal of Space Science and Experiment, 2025 , 2(4) : 37 -48 . DOI: 10.19963/j.cnki.2097-4302.2025.04.005
| 1 |
WU W R, GONG Z Z, TANG Y H, et al. Response strategy on impact risk of near-Earth asteroids[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2022, 24 (2): 140- 151.
|
| 2 |
YEOMANS D. Small bodies of the solar system[J]. Nature, 2000, 404 (6780): 829- 832.
|
| 3 |
DEMEO F E, CARRY B. Solar System evolution from compositional mapping of the asteroid belt[J]. Nature, 2014, 505 (7485): 629- 634.
|
| 4 |
ALEXANDER C M O D, BOWDEN R, FOGEL M L, et al. The provenances of asteroids, and their contributions to the volatile inventories of the terrestrial planets[J]. Science, 2012, 337 (6095): 721- 723.
|
| 5 |
PRAVEC P, HARRIS A W, MICHALOWSKI T. Asteroid rotations[J]. Asteroids III, 2002: 113-122.
|
| 6 |
KAASALAINEN M, LAMBERG L, LUMME K, et al. Interpretation of lightcurves of atmosphereless bodies. I-General theory and new inversion schemes[J]. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1992, 259 (1): 318- 332.
|
| 7 |
KAASALAINEN M, LAMBERG L, LUMME K. Interpretation of lightcurves of atmosphereless bodies. II-Practical aspects of inversion[J]. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1992, 259 (1): 333- 340.
|
| 8 |
KAASALAINEN M, TORPPA J. Optimization methods for asteroid lightcurve inversion: I. Shape determination[J]. Icarus, 2001, 153 (1): 24- 36.
|
| 9 |
KAASALAINEN M, TORPPA J, MUINONEN K. Optimization methods for asteroid lightcurve inversion: II. The complete inverse problem[J]. Icarus, 2001, 153 (1): 37- 51.
|
| 10 |
PRAVEC P. The tumbling spin state of (99942) Apophis[J]. Icarus, 2014, 233, 48- 60.
|
| 11 |
KWIATKOWSKI T, KOLEŃCZUK P, KRYSZCZYŃSKA A, et al. Photometry and model of near-Earth asteroid 2021 DW1 from one apparition[J]. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2021, 656, A126.
|
| 12 |
RIVKIN A S, CHABOT N L, STICKLE A M, et al. The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART): Planetary defense investigations and requirements[J]. The Planetary Science Journal, 2021, 2 (5): 173.
|
| 13 |
FUJIWARA A, KAWAGUCHI J, YEOMANS D K, et al. The rubble-pile asteroid Itokawa as observed by Hayabusa[J]. Science, 2006, 312 (5778): 1330- 1334.
|
| 14 |
LAURETTA D S, DELLAGIUSTINA D N, BENNETT C A, et al. The unexpected surface of asteroid (101955) Bennu[J]. Nature, 2019, 568 (7750): 55- 60.
|
| 15 |
SUGITA S, HONDA R, MOROTA T, et al. The geomorphology, color, and thermal properties of Ryugu: Implications for parent-body processes[J]. Science, 2019, 364 (6437): eaaw0422.
|
| 16 |
GLASSMEIER K H, BOEHNHARDT H, KOSCHNY D, et al. The Rosetta mission: Flying towards the origin of the solar system[J]. Space Science Reviews, 2007, 128 (1-4): 1- 21.
|
| 17 |
BELTON M J S, VEVERKA J, THOMAS P, et al. Galileo encounter with 951 Gaspra: First pictures of an asteroid[J]. Science, 1992, 257 (5077): 1647- 1652.
|
| 18 |
CHAPMAN C R. S-type asteroids, ordinary chondrites, and space weathering: The evidence from Galileo’s fly-bys of Gaspra and Ida[J]. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 1996, 31 (6): 699- 725.
|
| 19 |
VEVERKA J, ROBINSON M, THOMAS P, et al. NEAR at Eros: Imaging and spectral results[J]. Science, 2000, 289 (5487): 2088- 2097.
|
| 20 |
VEVERKA J, THOMAS P, HARCH A, et al. NEAR’s flyby of 253 Mathilde: Images of a C asteroid[J]. Science, 1997, 278 (5346): 2109- 2114.
|
| 21 |
RUSSELL C T, RAYMOND C A, CORADINI A, et al. Dawn at Vesta: Testing the protoplanetary paradigm[J]. Science, 2012, 336 (6082): 684- 686.
|
| 22 |
RUSSELL C T, RAYMOND C A. The Dawn mission to Vesta and Ceres[J]. Space Science Reviews, 2011, 163 (1): 3- 23.
|
| 23 |
KOU S. Optical design of Time Domain Observatory (TIDO)[J]. AOPC 2019: Space Optics, Telescopes, and Instrumentation, 2019, 11341, 99- 110.
|
| 24 |
FENG F B, RUI Y, DU Z, et al. Tianyu: Search for the second solar system and explore the dynamic universe[J]. Acta Astronomica Sinica, 2024, 65 (4): 34.
|
| 25 |
WANG T, LIU G, CAI Z, et al. Science with the 2.5-meter wide field survey telescope (WFST)[J]. Science China Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy, 2023, 66 (10): 109512.
|
| 26 |
OELKERS R J, STASSUN K G. Precision light curves from TESS full-frame images: a different imaging approach[J]. The Astronomical Journal, 2018, 156 (3): 132.
|
| 27 |
DURECH J, SIDORIN V, KAASALAINEN M. DAMIT: A database of asteroid models[J]. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2010, 513, A46.
|
| 28 |
LOMB N R. Least-squares frequency analysis of unequally spaced data[J]. Astrophysics and Space Science, 1976, 39 (2): 447- 462.
|
| 29 |
STELLINGWERF R F. Period determination using phase dispersion minimization[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 1978, 224, 953- 960.
|
| 30 |
YANG M, ZHANG H, WANG S, et al. Eclipsing binaries from the CSTAR project at Dome A, Antarctica[J]. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 2015, 217 (2): 28.
|
| 31 |
TORPPA J, KAASALAINEN M, MICHAŁOWSKI T, et al. Shapes and rotational properties of thirty asteroids from photometric data[J]. Icarus, 2003, 164 (2): 346- 383.
|
| 32 |
DURECH J, KAASALAINEN M, MARCINIAK A, et al. Physical models of ten asteroids from an observers’ collaboration network[J]. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2007, 465 (1): 331- 337.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |