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Research Progress on In-Situ Water Vapor Diffusion in Lunar Regolith
Online published: 2024-12-14
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A major aspiration in human space exploration is to establish a permanent lunar base. Europe, the United States, and China have successively proposed roadmaps and specific plans for construction of permanent lunar bases around 2030, with a key prerequisite of a safe, stable, and reliable water resource supply. Recent exploration and analysis suggests that the Permanent Shadow Regions (PSRs) at the lunar poles may contain adequate amount of natural water ice. However, our understanding of the evolution of water ice in geological timescale is largely limited, leading to a lack of reliable initial and boundary conditions for research on the large-scale recovery of lunar water ice: Elucidating the diffusion mechanics of rarefied water vapor in lunar regolith is crucial for clarifying formation and evolution of lunar water ice reservoirs. However, water ice in lunar PSRs is in extreme environment of extremely low temperatures, high vacuum, and is mixed with lunar regolith, that makes the diffusion models adopted for Earth conditions inapplicable. Specifically, there is lack of rigorous thermodynamic description for extremely sparse water vapor molecules within the microstructure of porous media, lunar regolith-water interaction data, in-situ packing structure of lunar regolith, and theory for diffusion in porous media under infinitely large Knudsen number. To address the aforementioned issues and thus establish a solid theoretical foundation for further exploration and recovery of lunar water resources, it is necessary to strengthen theoretical research, and to design more targeted analysis and testing of lunar samples in the future.
Key words: lunar; water resources; regolith; porous media; diffusion
Ke XU , Sunpeng ZHOU , Yang YANG , Huiling DUAN . Research Progress on In-Situ Water Vapor Diffusion in Lunar Regolith[J]. Journal of Space Science and Experiment, 2024 , 1(3) : 6 -16 . DOI: 10.19963/j.cnki.2097-4302.2024.03.002
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