空间碎片数量的快速增长给人类航天活动带来严重挑战。10cm以上大碎片可通过地基设备进行观测和预报,航天器通过主动控制予以规避;1～10cm小碎片和1cm以下微小碎片探测难度大,数量众多,与航天器发生碰撞风险很大。本文对国外微小空间碎片探测技术的发展概况和相关探测器成功应用的案例进行调研,分析总结不同原理探测器的特点和发展趋势,为我国微小空间碎片探测技术的研究和发展提供参考。
The rapid increase of space debris has brought serious challenges to space activities.Large debris above 10cm can be observed by ground-based equipment and avoided through active control of the spacecraft.The spatial distribution of small debris below 10cm is difficult to detect and threatens the safety of the spacecraft,especially the micro debris below 1cm.This paper investigates the development situation of foreign micro space debris detection technology and the successful applications of related detectors.The development characteristics and trends of detection technology with different principles are analyzed and summarized.This paper will provide a reference for the research and development of themicro space debris detection technology for China.
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