行星防御专栏

近地小行星撞遇地球灾害链效应

  • 刘芹芹 ,
  • 申旭辉 ,
  • 周炳红 ,
  • 李明涛 ,
  • 张庆明 ,
  • 徐文杰 ,
  • 龚自正
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  • 1.应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院,北京 100085;
    2.复合链生自然灾害动力学应急管理部重点实验室,北京 100085;
    3.中国科学院国家空间科学中心,北京 100190;
    4.北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京 100081;
    5.清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京 100084;
    6.北京卫星环境工程研究所,北京 100094
刘芹芹(1987—),女,主要研究方向:灾害遥感、遥感地球化学以及环境地球化学相关研究。 通信地址:北京市海淀区安宁庄7号院应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院 电子邮箱:qinqinliu@ninhm.ac.cn
申旭辉(1965—),二级研究员,主要研究方向:空间地球物理与遥感地学应用研究。 通信地址:北京市海淀区安宁庄7号院应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院 电子邮箱:xuhuishen@ninhm.ac.cn;  龚自正(1964—),研究员,主要研究方向:空间碎片防护与移除,近地小行星防御,冲击动力学和高压物理等研究。 通信地址:北京市海淀区友谊路104号 电子邮箱:gongzz@263.net

网络出版日期: 2023-12-12

基金资助

KJSP2020020101;KJSP2020020303

Disaster Chain Effects from Near-Earth Asteroids Collision with Earth Surface

  • LIU Qin-qin ,
  • SHEN Xu-hui ,
  • ZHOU Bing-hong ,
  • LI Ming-tao ,
  • ZHANG Qing-ming ,
  • XU Wen-jie ,
  • GONG Zi-zheng
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  • 1. National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China,Beijing 100085,China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Compound and Chained Natural Hazards Dynamics, Ministry of Emergency Management, Beijing 100085,China;
    3. National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;
    4. State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081,China;
    5. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering,Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;
    6. Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environmental Engineering,Beijing 100094,China

Online published: 2023-12-12

摘要

小行星撞遇地球是一种发生概率很低但危害巨大的自然灾害。本研究从灾害作用效应出发,将小行星撞遇地表灾害效应总结为光热辐射效应、近地表大气冲击波效应和撞击效应三大类,并从灾害发生的空间(局部和区域性)和时间(瞬时、中短期性和长期性)两个维度系统阐述了小行星撞遇地表灾害链效应特征,系统总结形成了一个较为完整的小行星撞遇地表灾害效应模式,为小行星撞遇地表灾害效应深入研究和小行星撞击灾害特种救援模式研发奠定基础。

本文引用格式

刘芹芹 , 申旭辉 , 周炳红 , 李明涛 , 张庆明 , 徐文杰 , 龚自正 . 近地小行星撞遇地球灾害链效应[J]. 空间科学与试验学报, 2022 , 22(1) : 1 -17 . DOI: 10.19963/j.cnki.2096-4099.2022.01.001

Abstract

The asteroid collision with the Earth surface is a natural disaster with a low probability of occurrence and great danger.From the perspective of disaster effects,this study summarizes the disaster effect of asteroid collision with the Earth surface into three categories:photothermal radiation effect,near-surface atmospheric shock wave effect and impact effect.The characteristics of the disaster chain effect from asteroid collision with the Earth surface are systematically discussed from the two dimensions of space (local and regional) and time (instantaneous,short-term and long-term) of disaster occurrence,and a relatively complete model of the disaster effect from asteroid collision with the surface is summarized systematically.It is very significant to further study on the disaster effect of asteroid impact on the Earth surface and the development of special rescue model adapted for asteroid impact disaster.

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