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(1999—),男,博士研究生。主要研究方向为能源转换性能优化理论。通信地址:陕西省西安市长安区西安交通大学创新港C区(710049)电子邮箱:zww3121101010@stu.xjtu.edu.cn |
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(1982—),男,教授。主要研究方向为具身智能检测机器人系统。(本文通信作者)通信地址:陕西省西安市长安区西安交通大学创新港(710049)电子邮箱:pengjun@xjtu.edu.cn |
网络出版日期: 2026-05-28
基金资助
某渠道科研项目,项目编号202521XT205-006
Optimization Design of Bioinspired Dry Adhesive Microstructures for Space Applications
Online published: 2026-05-28
随着我国航天技术的快速发展,在轨装配、舱外巡检及空间装备制造等任务对极端环境下的稳定、可控附着技术提出了更高要求。面向低温、真空和微重力等复杂工况,现有磁吸附、真空吸附和静电黏附等技术在适用对象、能耗水平、结构轻量化及环境适应性等方面均存在一定局限。仿生干黏附因其无需持续供能、质量轻、无残留且具备较强表面适应性,被认为是微小型空间附着系统的重要发展方向。然而,经典接触力学模型难以有效描述非球形微结构与软材料大变形耦合作用下的黏附行为,与此同时,不同材料、尺寸与结构形态之间缺乏统一的物理描述框架,制约了高性能仿生干黏附材料的理论设计与性能比较。提出一种面向仿生干黏附微结构的“柔性黏附”理论框架,引入柔性品质因数和等效黏附半径两个关键物理描述符,用于表征材料柔度、结构尺度与界面黏附能力之间的耦合关系,并揭示黏附强度随几何参数和材料属性变化的幂律演化规律。该方法突破了传统模型对理想接触形式的依赖,建立了适用于复杂柔性微结构体系的统一评价思路,可为不同仿生干黏附结构的性能分析、跨体系比较及新型黏附材料设计提供理论依据。相关研究为极端环境下高效、可控的微尺度黏附技术发展提供了新的分析框架和设计参考。
朱文武 , 马吉良 , 马煜森 , 曾炳墅 , 苑康龙 , 李萌 , 彭军 . 面向空间应用的仿生干黏附微结构优化设计研究[J]. 空间科学与试验学报, 2026 , 3(2) : 95 -103 . DOI: 10.19963/j.cnki.2097-4302.2026.02.010
With the rapid development of China’ s space technology, emerging tasks such as on-orbit assembly, extravehicular inspection, and space equipment manufacturing have imposed increasingly stringent requirements on novel connection and reversible attachment technologies under extreme environments. For complex operating conditions involving low temperature, vacuum, and microgravity, existing adhesion strategies, including magnetic adhesion, vacuum suction, and electrostatic adhesion, still suffer from limitations in applicable surfaces, energy consumption, structural lightweighting, and environmental adaptability. Among them, bioinspired dry adhesion has been regarded as a promising solution for miniature space attachment systems because it requires no continuous energy input, leaves no residue, and offers low mass and strong surface adaptability. However, classical contact mechanics models cannot adequately describe the adhesive behavior of non-spherical microstructures coupled with large deformation of soft materials. As a result, a unified physical framework for comparing dry adhesive microstructures with different materials, dimensions, and geometries is still lacking, which restricts the theoretical design and performance evaluation of high-performance bioinspired dry adhesives. To address this issue, this study proposes a flexible adhesion theory for bioinspired dry adhesive microstructures. Two key physical descriptors, namely the flexible figure of merit and the equivalent adhesion radius, are introduced to characterize the coupled effects of material compliance, structural scale, and interfacial adhesion capability, and to reveal the power-law scaling relationship governing adhesion strength with respect to geometric and material parameters. By moving beyond the dependence of conventional models on idealized contact forms, the proposed framework establishes a unified evaluation methodology for complex flexible microstructured adhesive systems. It provides a theoretical basis for performance analysis, cross-system comparison, and rational design of new dry adhesive materials, and offers a new analytical framework for the development of efficient and controllable microscale adhesion technologies in extreme environments.
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