0 引 言
1 贮箱自由晃动实验平台
1.1 实验装置
表 1 自由晃动实验平台尺寸Table 1 Geometrical specifications of the free-sloshing experimental platform |
| 尺寸参数/m | 数值 |
| 箱体宽度 | 0.540 |
| 箱体高度 | 2.000 |
| 笼体直径 | 0.240 |
| 贮箱直径 | 0.100 |
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(1973—),男,博士,研究员。主要研究方向为空间微重力流体物理与热物理等方面的研究。通信地址:北京市海淀区北四环西路15号中国科学院力学研究所(100190)电子邮箱:likai@imech.ac.cn |
网络出版日期: 2026-04-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(12172363);北京市自然科学基金(L258046)资助
Rigid–Liquid Coupled Sloshing Experimental Platform for Propellant Tanks Under Microgravity
Online published: 2026-04-10
航天器在空间调姿、变轨、发动机多次起动等任务中,会受到变推力作用,贮箱内推进剂易发生晃动,同时这种晃动反作用于航天器,引发系统刚-液耦合晃动,增加了精度要求较高任务的控制难度。其中的关键科学问题为微/变重力贮箱-流体刚-液耦合晃动下贮箱内气液分布及其演化规律。当前尚缺乏针对微重力条件下充液贮箱刚-液耦合过程的实验平台以及相关系统性研究。基于地基微重力落塔平台,设计并研制了充液贮箱自由晃动实验平台。主要实验装置包括箱体与一体化贮箱笼体,通过施加不同形式、不同大小的初始外载,可模拟充液贮箱自由晃动过程。借助此平台,可开展地面与落塔实验,实现系统刚-液耦合与变过载环境,提供微重力实验数据,填补微重力推进剂贮箱晃动实验条件的空白。
李凯 , 林海 . 微重力充液贮箱刚-液耦合晃动实验平台[J]. 空间科学与试验学报, 2026 , 3(1) : 47 -53 . DOI: 10.19963/j.cnki.2097-4302.2026.01.006
During spacecraft operations such as attitude adjustment, orbital transfer, and multiple engine restarts, time-varying thrust often induces sloshing of the propellant inside the tank. This sloshing interacts with the spacecraft structure, leading to rigid-fluid coupled oscillations, which increase the complexity of high-precision control. A key scientific challenge lies in understanding the dynamics of rigid-liquid coupling under microgravity and variable gravity conditions. However, there remains a lack of dedicated experimental platforms and systematic studies for such coupling processes in microgravity environments. To address this gap, a free-sloshing experimental platform has been developed based on the drop tower. The setup consists primarily of a tank and an integrated tank-cage assembly. By applying initial external loads of varying forms and magnitudes, the platform enables the experimental simulation of free-sloshing dynamics in partially filled tanks. This system supports both ground and drop-tower experiments, allowing for studies of rigid-liquid coupling under variable acceleration, and provides valuable microgravity experimental data. The platform helps bridge the gap in experimental capabilities for studying propellant sloshing under microgravity.
表 1 自由晃动实验平台尺寸Table 1 Geometrical specifications of the free-sloshing experimental platform |
| 尺寸参数/m | 数值 |
| 箱体宽度 | 0.540 |
| 箱体高度 | 2.000 |
| 笼体直径 | 0.240 |
| 贮箱直径 | 0.100 |
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