低轨非合作空间目标的测定轨对于地面重要目标或区域的空间态势感知、安全防卫具有十分重要的作用。地基无线电测量方式是对低轨非合作目标最有效的监测手段之一,但其面临难快速跟踪、难精确测量、难精密定轨等问题,开展实际低轨非合作目标的实测验证试验,将对关键技术验证与性能评估具有重要意义。首先,介绍了基于连线干涉测量(CEI)系统对低轨非合作目标的跟踪试验情况;然后,采集与记录目标外测信号;接着,通过事后信号处理方式,获取了非合作卫星的干涉测量时延观测量、单向开环测速观测量。在有效信号带宽300kHz条件下,干涉测量时延精度为30ns,多普勒频率测量精度为50mHz;最后,通过单基线时延参与定轨验证,成功实现了对于低轨非合作目标从跟踪、测量到定轨的全链条、全系统验证。

The measurement and determination of orbits of non-cooperative space targets in low orbit plays a very important role in the space situation awareness and security defense of important ground targets or regions.Ground-based radio measurement is one of the most effective monitoring methods for low-orbit non-cooperative targets.However,it faces problems such as difficulty in fast tracking,difficult to accurately measure,and difficult to accurately determine orbit.The real measurement and verification experiment of actual low-orbit non-cooperative targets was carried out for key technology verification and performance evaluation.Firstly,this paper introduces the tracking experiment of non-cooperative targets in low orbit based on the CEI system;then,the raw signal of the targets is sampled and recorded;then,the delay observable and the one-way open-loop velocity observable of the non-cooperative target are obtained by the post-signal processing method.The delay measurement accuracy is 30ns on condition of 300kHz frequency baseband,and the Doppler frequency measurement accuracy is 50mHz;finally,the delay observable of the single baseline is used to participate in orbit determination.The verification of the whole chain and the whole system from tracking,measurement to orbit determination of non-cooperative targets in low orbit has been implemented.