近地小行星监测预警是行星防御的重要一环,但是现有的近地小行星观测能力无法实现对大部分百米量级近地小行星的观测,距离行星防御对监测预警的需求仍有较大缺口。针对近地小行星监测预警体系不完善的问题,本文通过分析月基望远镜的选址和口径需求,阐明月基望远镜观测近地小行星的可能性,提出利用月基望远镜进行近地小行星观测的方法能对现有的地基和天基近地小行星监测预警体系进行补充,对近地小行星的定轨能力有较大提升,具有重要意义。
The monitoring and warning of NEAs is an important part of planetary defense,but the existing NEA observation capabilities cannot observe most NEAs with a diameter less than100m.There is still a large gap between the observation capabilities and the demand for monitoring and warning from planetary defense.In view of the imperfect monitoring and warning system for NEAs,this paper analyzes the location and aperture requirements of lunar-based telescopes to clarify the possibility of observing NEAs by lunar-based telescopes,and proposes the use of lunar-based telescopes for NEA observations.This method can supplement the existing ground-based and space-based NEA monitoring and warning systems,and greatly improve the ability to determine the initial orbit of newly discovered asteroids,which is of great significance.
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