网络出版日期: 2024-12-14
基金资助
“十三五”国家重点研发计划变革性技术关键科学问题重点专项青年科学家项目《月球水冰资源规模化原位开采关键基础科学问题研究》(2021YFA0717200)
版权
Research Progress on In-Situ Water Vapor Diffusion in Lunar Regolith
Online published: 2024-12-14
Copyright
建设月球永久基地是人类探索太空的一大使愿。美国、中国和欧洲地区先后提出了在2030年前后建立月球永久基地的路线图和具体计划,而安全、稳定、可靠的水资源补给是建立月球永久基地关键前提。据近期探测分析,月球极地的永久阴影区可能存在含量较高的天然水冰赋存。然而,我们目前对水冰藏在地质时间尺度的演变规律了解甚少,导致目前针对水冰规模化开发的研究缺乏可靠的初始条件和边界条件,因此阐明稀薄水汽在月壤中的扩散规律对厘清水资源的赋存演变模式至关重要。然而,月球永久阴影区的水冰处于深低温、极高真空度和月壤混杂的复杂极端环境,地球条件下的扩散理论不再适用。具体而言,极端稀薄条件下月壤多孔介质微观结构内水汽分子的热力学描述方法缺失、月壤−水汽分子的相互作用数据缺乏、月壤原位堆积结构不明、无穷大努森数下多孔介质内的扩散理论尚不健全。为了解决上述问题,为进一步探测和开采月球水冰资源建立扎实的理论基础,有必要加强理论方面的研究,同时对未来的月球样品进行更多、更有针对性的分析和测试。
徐克 , 周孙鹏 , 杨阳 , 段慧玲 . 月壤多孔介质中水分子原位扩散规律研究进展[J]. 空间科学与试验学报, 2024 , 1(3) : 6 -16 . DOI: 10.19963/j.cnki.2097-4302.2024.03.002
A major aspiration in human space exploration is to establish a permanent lunar base. Europe, the United States, and China have successively proposed roadmaps and specific plans for construction of permanent lunar bases around 2030, with a key prerequisite of a safe, stable, and reliable water resource supply. Recent exploration and analysis suggests that the Permanent Shadow Regions (PSRs) at the lunar poles may contain adequate amount of natural water ice. However, our understanding of the evolution of water ice in geological timescale is largely limited, leading to a lack of reliable initial and boundary conditions for research on the large-scale recovery of lunar water ice: Elucidating the diffusion mechanics of rarefied water vapor in lunar regolith is crucial for clarifying formation and evolution of lunar water ice reservoirs. However, water ice in lunar PSRs is in extreme environment of extremely low temperatures, high vacuum, and is mixed with lunar regolith, that makes the diffusion models adopted for Earth conditions inapplicable. Specifically, there is lack of rigorous thermodynamic description for extremely sparse water vapor molecules within the microstructure of porous media, lunar regolith-water interaction data, in-situ packing structure of lunar regolith, and theory for diffusion in porous media under infinitely large Knudsen number. To address the aforementioned issues and thus establish a solid theoretical foundation for further exploration and recovery of lunar water resources, it is necessary to strengthen theoretical research, and to design more targeted analysis and testing of lunar samples in the future.
Key words: lunar; water resources; regolith; porous media; diffusion
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